What are the different types of marketing structures called?

I know most companies/industries have a marketing department that caters to different types of business structures. I'm currently working for an MLM company in thier marketing department – our target audience are our associates….not the general public.
What is this type of marketing approach called? I'm looking to expand my experience and build my resume so that I'm not limited to only this type of business…I'd like to work for a company that markets to the public. What are these different types of marketing structures called?

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